History and teachings
The site consists of two separate elements, containing outstanding vestiges dating back to Greek and Roman times: The Necropolis of Pantalica contains over 5,000 tombs cut into the rock near open stone quarries, most of them dating from the 13th to 7th centuries BC. Vestiges of the Byzantine era also remain in the area, notably the foundations of the Anaktoron (Prince’s Palace). The other part of the property, Ancient Syracuse, includes the nucleus of the city’s foundation as Ortygia by Greeks from Corinth in the 8th century BC. The site of the city, which Cicero described as ‘the greatest Greek city and the most beautiful of all’, retains vestiges such as the Temple of Athena (5th century BC, later transformed to serve as a cathedral), a Greek theatre, a Roman amphitheatre, a fort and more. Many remains bear witness to the troubled history of Sicily, from the Byzantines to the Bourbons, interspersed with the Arabo-Muslims, the Normans, Frederick II of the Hohenstaufen dynasty (1197–1250), the Aragons and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Cross-cultural dimensions
Pantalica is one of the biggest necropolis in Europe. There are more than 5000 tombs caved in the rock that date back to different areas and populations.

Syracuse/Pantalica constitutes a remarkable testimony of the Mediterranean cultures over the centuries.

Besides, it ensemble offers, through its remarkable cultural diversity, an exceptional testimony to the development of civilizations over three millennia.

Useful information:
recommended for all; general; doesn’t require prior knowledge; accessible; affordable

The site of Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica on the Mediterranean coast of south-eastern Sicily consists of two separate elements, the historic town of ancient Syracuse and the Necropolis of Pantalica. Accessible by public transportation. Private guided tours available in different languages. Safety meausures covered.